| Citation | Gallardo, J.C., V. Macias and E. Velarde, 2009 Birds (Vertebrata: Aves) of the Gulf of Mexico. pp. 1321-1342 In Felder, D.L.; Camp, D.K. (eds.) Gulf of Mexico - Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas. |
| Ref. | 116102 Gallardo, J.C., V. Macias and E. Velarde, 2009 |
| Page | 1332 |
| Named Used as Valid | Melanitta fusca |
| Locality | |
| Distribution | Gulf of Mexico. |