| Trích dẫn | Luning, K. and W. Freshwater, 1988 Temperature tolerance of northeast Pacific marine algae. J. Phycol. 24:310-315. |
| Tài liệu tham khảo | 94098 Luning, K. and W. Freshwater, 1988 |
| Trang | 312 |
| Named Used as Valid | Fucus spiralis |
| Địa phương | |
| Distribution | Aleutian Islands and USA. |