Main Ref. | Gotshall, D.W., 2005 |
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Remarks | Sedentary (Ref. 106850). Found in open low relief rock or boulder habitat surrounded by sand, often at the sand-rock interface (Ref. 101461). Also occurs in open, exposed deep-water reefs with kelp understory (Ref. 106850). Feeds on drift macroalgae and attached red algae (Ref. 101622). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: sessile; Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Gotshall, D.W., 2005 |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Clark, R., J. Christensen, C. Caldow, J. Allen, M. Murray and S. MacWilliams, 2005 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Lafferty, K.D., M.D. Behrens, G.E. Davis, P.L. Haaker, D.J. Kushner, D.V. Richards, I.K. Taniguchi and M.J. Tegner, 2004 |
Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants |
Feeding habit Ref. | NOAA Fisheries, 2015 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.00 | 0.00 | Trophic level and s.e. inferred from exclusive plant/detritus food items. | ||
Ref. |