| Main Ref. | Hawkes, C.R., T.R. Meyers and T.C. Shirley, 1986 |
|---|---|
| Remarks |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 2014 |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 2014 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 2014 |
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.58 | 0.33 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||