Common names from other countries  
				
							
			
		
		
			
			Mammalia | 
Carnivora | 
Otariidae
			
			
			
				Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range				
				
					Ecology				
				
			
			
				Bathydemersal.  Subtropical; 0°N -   90°S, 180°W -   180°E			
			
			
				
			
			
			
				Eastern Pacific and Southwest Atlantic:  Arctocephalus australis gracilis:  Peru, southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Chile (Ref. 1394, 1522); vagrant to Colombia and Juan Fernandez Islands (Ref. 1522); Arctocephalus australis australis:  Falkland Islands (Ref. 1522).  Tropical to temperate climates.
			
			
			
			
			
				Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
			
			
				Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 190 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 1394); 140 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 200.0 kg (Ref. 1394); max. published weight: 200.0 kg			
			
			
						
			
			
			
			
				
					Inhabits primarily coastal, continental shelf and slope waters; and there are records from more than 600 km offshore.  Feeds on small schooling fish and invertebrates such as cephalopods, crustaceans and gastropods. Found primarily coastal, continental shelf and slope waters; there are records from more than 600 km offshore.  Feeds on small schooling fish and invertebrates such as cephalopods, crustaceans and gastropods (Ref. 1394).				
			
			
			
			
			
				Life cycle and mating behavior				
					Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae				
			
			
				
					Pups are born in dense breeding colonies.  Perinatal attendance averages one week, then mothers forage offshore several days at a time.  Upon arrival from sea, mother and pup reunites using vocalization signals and olfactory cues, i.e., naso-nasal contact.  Lactation lasts at least 12 months.				
			
			
			
			
			
				Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber. 1993.  (Ref. 1394)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
					
						IUCN Red List Status    
						 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
					
				
			
			
			
			
				CITES status   (Ref. 108899)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Threat to humans  
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Human uses  
			
			
				Fisheries: commercial			
			
			
				FAO - Fisheries: landings, species profile | FishSource | Sea Around Us			
			
			
			
			
			
Tools
			
			
			
			
				
					More information				
				
					 Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae   PhysiologyOxygen consumption
  Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
  
			 
			
			
			
				Internet sources
			
			
			
			
			
				Estimates based on models
			
			
			
									
						Preferred temperature  					
				 (Ref. 
115969): 5.6 - 15.5, mean 9.2 (based on 1202 cells).			
 
			
			
			
							
					Resilience  				
				
				
					Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.3).				
			
			
						
							
				
					
						Fishing Vulnerability  					
					
					
						High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).					
				
						
						
			
									
						Price category  					
					
					Unknown.