Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
; brackwasser; tiefenbereich 0 - 119 m (Ref. 356). Subtropical, preferred 24°C (Ref. 107945); 40°N - 18°N, 97°W - 74°W
Western Atlantic: from New Jersey, USA to Yucatan, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ?, range 17 - ? cm Max length : 22.4 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 109188); 20 cm TL (female); max. veröff. Alter: 2.00 Jahre (Ref. 109223)
Maximum total length of unsexed and female from Ref. 109188 and Ref. 8, respectively. Maximum standard length: 19.0 cm. Maximum depth from Ref. 108758. Occurs at depths from 2 to 90 m in bottom mud or peat with sand or clay in marine (adults) and estuarine (juveniles) environments. Temperate to tropical climates (Ref. 8). Migrates to deeper areas within estuaries as it grows. Juveniles are also found across vegetated marsh edge, oyster reefs, and oyster shell deposits and non-vegetated bottom (Ref. 106898). Regularly uses vegetated intertidal marshes when the habitat is tidally inundated. Omnivore, feeds on live and dead plant and animal matter, including detritus (Ref. 67681) but also an epibenthic predator, feeding on small crustaceans, bivalves, polychaetes and oligochaetes (Ref. 108790).
Life cycle: Eggs hatch into planktonic nauplii. The larvae undergo five nauplial, three protozoeal, and three mysis stages; then into two postlarval stages (Refs. 254, 79469). Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833). Copulation occurs when the male attached its spermatophore to the thelycum of the female (Ref. 109188). Spawning may occur once or up to four times (Ref. 109189).
Holthuis, L.B. 1980. (Ref. 8)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES Status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquakultur: experimental
FAO - Aquakultur: production; Fischereien: landings, Artbeschreibung | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Tools
Internet Quellen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 15.3 - 27.3, mean 24.3 (based on 338 cells).
Widerstandsfähigkeit
hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (K=1.25-9.8; tmax=2).
Prior r = 0.53, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 2 full stock assessments.
Verwundbarkeit
Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
