Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
пелагический; мигрирует в океане (Ref. 75906); пределы глубины 1 - 2500 m, usually 30 - 500 m. Tropical; 90°N - 0°S, 115°E - 105°W
Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic: Extinct in North Atlantic; two populations in North Pacific. Tropical to polar. [western population: IUCN 2010 (Ref. 84930): CR, C2a(ii);E.]
Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm 1,220.0 range ? - ? cm Max length : 1,500 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 1394); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 35.0 t (Ref. 1394); наибольший возраст (опубликованны данные): 48 годы (Ref. 128170)
Lives within a few tens of kilometers of shore. Bottom feeders that feed primarily on swarming mysids and tube-dwelling amphipods in the northern parts of their range, but are also known to take red crabs, baitfish, and other food opportunistically. The North Atlantic stock was apparently wiped-out by whalers in the 18th century. A western North Pacific (Korean) stock may also have been extirpated in the mid 20th century; its continued existence as a small remnant is still debated. The eastern North Pacific (California-Chukotka) stock nearly suffered the same fate twice, once in the late 1800s and again in the early 1900s. Both times, a respite in commercial whaling allowed the population to recover. About 170 to 200 from this latter stock are killed annually under special permit by commercial whalers on behalf of Soviet aborigines, and one or a few are taken in some years by Alaskan Eskimos. Since receiving IWC protection in 1946 and the end of research harvests in the late 1960s this population has increased, and now apparently equals or exceeds pre-exploitation numbers (Ref. 1394). Lives within a few tens of kilometers of shore. Bottom feeders that feed primarily on swarming mysids and tube-dwelling amphipods in the northern parts of their range, but are also known to take red crabs, baitfish, and other food opportunistically (Ref. 1394).
Основная ссылка
ссылки | координатор | соавторы
Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber. 1993. (Ref. 1394)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Статус СИТЕС (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий
FAO - рыболовство: landings, Видовой профиль | FishSource | Sea Around Us
инструменты
дополнительная информация
ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 0.4 - 17.3, mean 3.5 (based on 1706 cells).
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям
средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (K=0.19-0.25; tm=8; tmax=48).
Уязвимость
High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Категория цены
Unknown.
