Not assigned |
Squamata |
Elapidae
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
礁區魚類; 深度上下限 3 - 22 m (參考文獻 78387). Tropical; 31°N - 58°S (參考文獻 356)
Indo-West Pacific.
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 74.5, range 47 - 101.5 cm Max length : 140 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 801); common length : 110 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 801)
Young has gray to black annuli, while juveniles has 45-55 transverse bars that may extend down the flanks with the lower body whitish and without pattern. Adults are uniform gray above, whitish below. Dark bars wider or as wide than paler interspaces.
Average length is 90 cm. The venom of this snake is said to be responsible for more serious and fatal bites than all other sea snakes combined and is considered to have the most toxic venom. Based on studies, the myotoxic phospholipase A from the venom causes myoglobinuria in mice (Ref. 88062). Usually occurs in clear shallow reef waters (Ref. 2357), and may travel about ten miles up tidal rivers (Ref. 88062). Also prefers estuarine conditions in Australia (Ref. 2357). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 801), with 4 to 9 young ones in a brood (Ref. 88062). Feeds on fish (Refs. 801, 88062).
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Ovoviviparous (Ref. 801). It bears 4 to 9 young ones in a brood (Ref. 88062).
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Redfield, J.A., J.C. Holmes and R.D. Holmes 1978 Sea snakes of the Eastern Gulf of Carpentaria. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 29(3):325-334. (參考文獻 78387)
IUCN 瀕危狀態
(參考文獻 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 February 2009
CITES狀態 (參考文獻 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
| FishSource |
工具
網路資源
基於模型的估計
首選溫度
(Ref.
115969): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 28.5 (based on 3251 cells).
回復力
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.6-0.75).
釣魚的脆弱性
Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
價格種類
Unknown.
