Echinoidea |
Camarodonta |
Parechinidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / ระดับความลึก / distribution range
นิเวศวิทยา
; ระดับความลึก 0 - 340 m (อ้างอิง 87801). Subtropical, preferred 13°C (อ้างอิง 107945); 6°S - 55°S, 82°W - 58°W (อ้างอิง 101470)
South America: from northern Chile, to Tierra del Fuego up to 37°S and Port William, Falkland Islands in the east.
Length at first maturity / ขนาด / Weight / Age
วัยเจริญพันธุ์: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 15.0 cm WD เพศผู้/กระเทย; (อ้างอิง 87801)
Fished along Chilean coasts since the 1960's and has been used as a food source since pre-Columbian times. It is found on rocky substrates from the intertidal to a depth of 340 m, and it feeds on Macrocystis sp. (Ref. 87801).
Members of the class Echinoidea are gonochoric. Fertilization is external. Brooding is common, eggs are held either on the peristome, around the periproct or deep into the concavities on the petaloids. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (echinoplateus) and live for several months before they sink to the bottom using their tube feet to adhere on the ground where they metamorphose into young urchins.
MarineSpecies.org 2050 MarineSpecies.org. http://www.marinespecies.org/index.php (อ้างอิง 3477)
IUCN Red List Status
(อ้างอิง 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (อ้างอิง 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (อ้างอิง 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
การประมง: การค้า
FAO - การประมง: landings, species profile | FishSource | ทะเลรอบๆเรา
เครื่องมือ
ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
แหล่งที่มาจากอินเตอร์เน็ต
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 5.1 - 14.4, mean 7.5 (based on 408 cells).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Nutrients : Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 5.08 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 12%; Omega3 = 0.331 [0.263, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 0.04 [48.48, 67.17] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
