Oligohymenophorea |
Sessilida |
Zoothamniidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; لب شور. Tropical
Central Atlantic, Mediterranean and the Red Sea.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 1.5 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 87022); common length : 0.5 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 87023)
Average length is 0.3 to 0.5 cm (Ref. 87023). The surface of this species is known to be a favorable habitat for sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (Ref. 87023). It inhabits mangrove peat walls in groups of more than 100 colonies, with an estimated group life of approximately 20 days, mainly in areas where microbial surface mat has been destroyed (Ref. 87022). It is found attached to a substrate, particularly in subtidal areas where sulfide sources are present. Large colonies are observed on garbage bags and rotting vegetables found in mangrove ponds. Generally is occupies ephemeral habitats where it is patchily distributed (Ref. 85814). The peritrich ciliate is a filter feeder, and its microzooids possess a fully developed oral ciliature and cytopharynx (Ref. 87023).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the phylum Ciliophora reproduce either through conjugation wherein exchange of genes occur or by budding.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Rinke, C., S. Schmitz-Esser, K. Stoecker, A.D. Nussbaumer, D.A. Molna´r, K. Vanura, M. Wagner, M. Horn, J.A. Ott and M. Bright 2006 Candidatus Thiobios zoothamnicoli, an ectosymbiotic bacterium covering the giant marine ciliate Zoothamnium niveum. Applied and Environmental Biology 27(3):2014-2021. (مرجع 87022)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
تركيب غذايي
مصرف غذايي
شکارچیان
Population dynamicsرشد
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversion
فراواني
Life cycleتولید مثلبلوغFecundityتخم ریزیEggsنمو تخمLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
