Malacostraca |
Decapoda |
Palinuridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; تغييرات عمق 0 - 200 m (مرجع 4). Subtropical, preferred 18°C (مرجع 107945); 21°S - 37°S, 12°E - 26°E (مرجع 4)
Southeast Atlantic: Namibia to South Africa.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm 6.6, range 5 - ? cm Max length : 46.0 cm BL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 4)
It has a maximum total body length of 46 cm and a carapace length of 18 cm. Maximum depth from Ref. 113432. Fisheries: The tails of this species are exported frozen in the shell, or peeled and canned. Experimental work on culture techniques for this species are underway in South Africa. Protective measures includes a size limit (carapace length 8.5 cm), a closed season from July 1 to October 31, bag limits for sports fishermen (2 specimens per day), and the prohibition of taking ovigerous females or soft shelled specimens (Ref. 4). Occurs at depths from 0 to 46 m of coastal waters and inhabits rocky bottoms, sometimes with patches of sand and mud (Ref. 4).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
The males molt between September and December. In the females, molting occurs in April or May, after which copulation takes place. Ovigerous females are found from May to October (Ref. 4).
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Holthuis, L.B. 1991 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 13. Marine lobsters of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(13):292p. Rome: FAO. (مرجع 4)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
FAO - ماهي گيري – شيلات: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 14.6 - 19.5, mean 16.7 (based on 12 cells).
جهندگی
پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (K=0.1-0.11).
Fishing Vulnerability
High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability
Very high vulnerability (85 of 100).
Nutrients : Calcium = 109 [35, 184] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386] g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
