Echinoidea |
Camarodonta |
Toxopneustidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; depth range 0 - 300 m (Ref. 865). Tropical
Eastern Central Pacific: USA.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 7.5 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 865)
It is found on soft and rocky bottoms from the shallow subtidal to a depth of 300 meters (Ref. 865).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Echinoidea are gonochoric. Fertilization is external. Brooding is common, eggs are held either on the peristome, around the periproct or deep into the concavities on the petaloids. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (echinoplateus) and live for several months before they sink to the bottom using their tube feet to adhere on the ground where they metamorphose into young urchins.
Gotshall, D.W. 2005 Guide to marine invertebrates: Alaska to Baja California, 2nd ed. (revised). Sea Challengers. 117 p. (Ref. 865)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.
