Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Alcidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
سطح زی; تغييرات عمق 0 - 29 m (مرجع 62200). Subtropical; 72°N - 38°N, 133°E - 126°W (مرجع 125423)
Pacific Ocean and the Arctic. From Chukchi Sea and Alaska, south to Kuril Is. west to Japan and Russia and east to California. Subtropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 41.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 8812); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 619.00 g (مرجع 356)
Culmen: 4.83 cm; tarsus: 3.07 cm; wing: 18.97 cm.
Total Length: 36 to 41 cm; Wingspan: 56 to 58 cm (Ref. 8812). With sperm-storage glands allowing delayed fertilization of ovum (Ref. 87784). Plunge diver; continental shelf; <100 km (Ref. 356). As in all seabirds, copulation takes place ashore and the presence sperm-storage glands allow delayed fertilization of ovum out at sea. Vulnerable to oil spill as a piscivore; saw 50% decline in population from 1989 in Prince William Sound after the Exxon Valdez oil spill (Ref. 87784). Nests on rock crevices and cliffs (Ref. 62200).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Harding, A.M.A., J.F. Piatt and K.C. Hamer 2003 Breeding ecology of Horned Puffins (Fratercula corniculata) in Alaska: annual variation and effects of El Nino. Can. J. Zool. 81:1004-1013. (مرجع 6483)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Population dynamicsرشدMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.نوسانات طولیMass conversionفراواني Life cycleتولید مثل
بلوغ
Fecundity
تخم ریزی
Eggs
نمو تخم
Larvae
PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 0.2 - 10.2, mean 2.6 (based on 759 cells).
جهندگی
زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=30.34-40.35).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
طبقه قيمت
Unknown.