Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Alcidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / गहराई सीमा / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
; गहराई सीमा 0 - 59 m (संदर्भ 62201). Subtropical; 70°N - 32°N, 127°E - 117°W (संदर्भ 125423)
Pacific Ocean and the Arctic. From Alaska, Chukchi and Bering Sea, south to Aleutian Islands, east to California, USA and Canada and west to Japan and Russia. Subtropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / आकार / Weight / Age
परिपक्व अवधि: Lm ?  range ? - ? cmअधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 779.00 g (संदर्भ 356)
Culmen: 5.84 cm; tarsus: 3.61 cm; wing: 20.055 cm.
A large alcid, about 40 cm in length. Plunge diver; continental shelf; <100 km (Ref. 356). Semi-precocial mode of development. Ground nesting species; in burrows. When spotting a threat, adults give out alarm calls to warn chicks who respond by moving to a nearby hiding place. Displays "group flight" behavior. Vulnerable to oil pollution as a piscivore; saw 50% decline in population from 1989 in Prince William Sound after the Exxon Valdez oil spill (Ref. 87784). Captures and eats prey underwater except food carried to chicks. Tends to forage more offshore in shelf and shelf-edge waters than coastally (Ref. 62201).
Life cycle and mating behavior
परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Gjerdrum, C. 2004 Parental provisioning and nestling departure decisions: a supplementary feeding experiment in Tufted puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) on Triangle Island, British Columbia. The Auk 121:463-472. (संदर्भ 80101)
IUCN Red List Status
(संदर्भ 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (संदर्भ 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (संदर्भ 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
साधन
अधिक जानकारी
Population dynamicsबाढ़Max. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionबहुतायत Life cycleपुनरुत्पत्ति
परिपक्व अवधि
Fecundity
मछलीऔ का अंडे देना
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 1.2 - 9.7, mean 4.3 (based on 370 cells).
लौटाव
ऊंचा, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 15 महीने। (K=18.83-42.19).
Price category
Unknown.