Malacostraca | 
Decapoda | 
Penaeidae
			
			
			
				Environment: milieu / climate zone / गहराई सीमा / distribution range				
				
					पारिस्थितिकी				
				
			
			
				;  गहराई सीमा 16 - 90 m (संदर्भ 8).  Tropical; 26°N -   28°S, 65°E -   154°E			
			
			
				
			
			
			
				Indo-West Pacific:  from Pakistan to Malaysia, the Philippines and Australia.
			
			
			
			
			
				Length at first maturity / आकार / Weight / Age
			
			
				परिपक्व अवधि: Lm ?, range 8 - ? cm Max length : 17.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (संदर्भ 8)			
			
			
						
			
			
			
			
				
					Minimum depth from Ref. 107878. Subtidal (Ref. 106854).  Juveniles are found in an estuary (Ref. 106922), mangrove inlets, subtidal edge of mud flats, near inshore and far inshore waters (Ref. 121464).  Inhabits sand, mud, mud flats, mud mixed with shell fragments, fine sloppy alluvial silt, and clean sand with coarse shell and gravel (Ref. 106856).  Pelagic, i.e. recorded in the water column (Ref. 106854).  Omnivorous bottom feeder  (Ref. 105082).				
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Mating behavior:  Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833).				
			
			
			
			
			
				Holthuis, L.B. 1980 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 1. Shrimps and prawns of the world. An annotated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(1):271 p. Rome: FAO. (संदर्भ 8)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
					
						IUCN Red List Status    
						 (संदर्भ 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
					
				
			
			
			
			
				CITES status   (संदर्भ 108899)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
				CMS (संदर्भ 116361)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
				Threat to humans  
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Human uses  
			
			
				ठहराव / प्रलोभन: usually			
			
			
				 | FishSource | Sea Around Us			
			
			
			
			
			
साधन
			
			
			
			
				
					अधिक जानकारी				
				
					 PhysiologyOxygen consumption
  Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
  				 
			 
			
			
			
				इंटरनेट स्रोत
			
			
			
			
			
				Estimates based on models
			
			
			
									
						Preferred temperature  					
				 (Ref. 
115969): 25.9 - 28.4, mean 27.4 (based on 409 cells).			
 
			
			
			
							
					लौटाव  				
				
				
					ऊंचा, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 15 महीने। (K=1.25).				
			
			
						
							
				
					
						Fishing Vulnerability  					
					
					
						Low vulnerability (10 of 100).					
				
						
						
			
			
			
				Nutrients  :  Calcium = 109 [35, 184]  mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97]  mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386]  g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3]  μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40]  mg/100g (wet weight); based on 
nutrient studies.